Zinc plays a role in the activity of more than 100 enzymes in your body. These enzymes are involved in critical functions, like making DNA, protein synthesis, your senses (vision, taste, and smell), immune function, and even cellular growth, division, and metabolism.* Research3 shows that a variety of critical immune cells in our innate and adaptive immune systems—monocytes, natural killer cells, neutrophils, B cells, and T cells—rely on access to zinc for their development and protection, and not getting enough of the nutrient can affect immune resilience. On the flip side, zinc supplementation can optimize their function in those who may need more of the mineral.* Additionally, zinc acts as an antioxidant, which strengthens your body’s natural defense mechanisms. Zinc has anti-inflammatory properties4 and can help combat oxidative stress2.* As Ashley Jordan Ferira, Ph.D., RDN, mbg’s vice president of scientific affairs, concludes, “All in all, zinc is an immune essential micromineral via multiple physiological pathways—from host resistance and resilience to our body’s inflammatory response and healing—this powerhouse nutrient is showing up for us.”* You can read more on the expansive benefits of zinc here. Of course, tapping into zinc’s immune support power and other health benefits is based on the assumption that we’re consuming enough each day. Underscoring this nationally representative zinc intake data, Ferira explains that, “we have about 40 million Americans who need to mind their zinc gap with some real intention, and they don’t even know they have a problem.” There’s an even higher prevalence6 of zinc inadequacy in older adults (over the age of 71), and to make matters worse, they also don’t absorb zinc as efficiently7 and therefore need to pay special attention to their immune function and overall health. Integrative allergist and immunologist Heather Moday, M.D., notes vegetarians and vegans may also have a particularly difficult time getting adequate amounts of zinc. This is partly because seafood and meat are the primary food sources of zinc but also since plant-based sources of zinc are less bioavailable8. Ferira explains this phenomenon is thanks to the “intrinsic anti-nutrient compounds, particularly phytates, in plant foods that are known to reduce absorption of zinc and other minerals in the gut.” In its early stages, zinc inadequacy may not be so obvious, but over time (i.e., as it progresses to insufficiency and frank deficiency), you’ll start to observe the impacts. Loss of appetite and weakened immune function9 are often the first signs. The type matters, too. As Ferira explains, the collective science indicates that zinc bisglycinate is the best form of supplemental zinc for several reasons. For one, it’s more bioavailable than other forms because it passes through the gut wall intact. And it doesn’t stop there. This amino acid chelate form of zinc then positively affects whole-body zinc levels, too. “This superior bioavailability of zinc bisglycinate vs. other mineral complexes (zinc gluconate, picolinate, and oxide) also translates into higher plasma levels of zinc (i.e., more zinc is absorbed and makes its way to your bloodstream). In other words, zinc bisglycinate improves your overall zinc status better than other zinc supplements,”* Ferira shares. This chelated form of zinc is also gentler on the stomach, meaning you’re less likely to experience gastrointestinal upset when taking it. For most people, zinc consumption shouldn’t exceed 40 milligrams per day (i.e., the tolerable upper intake level) over a prolonged period of time. If you take more than this regularly, it can interfere with your body’s absorption of other important minerals, such as copper, iron, and magnesium, compromising their status in the body. Zinc supplements can also potentially interact with certain medications, so always speak with your health care provider before starting a supplement routine. She has written twelve books and has had more than 2,000 articles published across various websites. Lindsay currently works full time as a freelance health writer. She truly believes that you can transform your life through food, proper mindset and shared experiences. That’s why it’s her goal to educate others, while also being open and vulnerable to create real connections with her clients and readers.
